長難句：Specialists in history and economics, have shown two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was marked by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.

結構剖析：本句的主干是Specialists in history and economics, have shown two things, 冒號后面的部分為兩個 that 分別引導的兩個從句，它們是______的同位語，對其進行具體說明。

核心詞匯： be marked by 特點是，以....為特點
worsen 惡化
industrialization工業化
populace 民眾, 百姓；全體居民

參考譯文：歷史和經濟方面的專家指出了兩點：一是1650至1750之間的時期確實是非常貧困，二是工業化肯定并未惡化、而是可能實際改善了大多數人的生活條件。