悉尼是澳大利亞的首都，澳大利亞是一個(gè)非常注意文明的國家，澳大利亞人民雖然非常熱情好客，

sydney's landmark opera house

　　australia's premier city is the oldest settlement in australia， the economic powerhouse of the nation.

　　the sydney area was the ancestral home of the daruk tribe， whose territory extended from botany bay to pittwater. there are some 2000 aboriginal (土著居民的)rock engraving sites in the sydney area， and many of sydney's suburbs have aboriginal names. the city of sydney began life as a penal colony(指英國放逐犯人的殖民地) in 1788， and for the next 60 years received the unwanted， persecuted and criminal elements of british society. despite its brutal beginnings， the city's mixture of pragmatic egalitarianism(平等主義)and plain indifference has transformed it into a thriving multicultural society. sydney now attracts the majority of australia's immigrants and the city's predominantly anglo-irish heritage(傳統(tǒng))has been revitalized by large influxes of italian， lebanese， turkish， greek， chinese and vietnamese.

　　the centre of sydney is on the south shore of the harbour， about 7km (4mi) inland from the harbour heads. the cbd (中央商務(wù)區(qū)) has become a mini manhattan of skyscrapers vying(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的;競(jìng)賽的)for dominance and harbour views， but its relentlessness (指城市鋼筋水泥建筑的叢林給人留下的硬邦邦的感覺) is softened by shady hyde park and the domain parkland to the east， darling harbour to the west and the main harbour to the north. the sydney harbour bridge and the harbour tunnel link the city centre with the satellite cbd of north sydney and the suburbs of the north shore. the city's airport， kingsford smith (otherwise known as mascot)， is about 10km (6mi) south of the city centre. central station， sydney's main train station， is in the south of the city centre， and the main bus terminal is just outside it.

　　the city has a population of 3.7 million and is growing fast.

　　the harbour is the focal point of the city， and its beaches， coves(小海灣)， bays and waterside parks offer welcome release from the rigours (條件艱苦)of urban life. criss-crossed by ferries and carpeted by yachts on weekends， it is both the city playground and a major port. the string of ocean beaches on the north and south shores offer dramatic cliff scenery， great waves and a close-up of aussie beach culture at its best.kings cross is the city's budget accommodation (住宿經(jīng)濟(jì))centre. there are heaps of good restaurants in darlinghurst， kings cross， paddington and glebe， and a few around circular quay. for cafés， try oxford and victoria sts in darlinghurst， stanley st in east sydney， king st in newtown or norton st in leichhardt. sydney's theatres are scattered around the edge of the cbd， the opera house is on the edge of circular quay. the best nightlife is centred on oxford st and kings cross. louts in the city centre on friday and saturday night can make it a less than enjoyable experience. the rocks can be fun， but the area is overtly aimed at tourists.

　　澳大利亞是一個(gè)非常注意文明的國家，澳大利亞人民雖然非常熱情好客，但如你不注意你的言行舉止，你有可能會(huì)招來白眼或訓(xùn)斥，甚至于警察的光臨。

　　澳大利亞人衣著比較隨便，旅客也宜以輕便為主。不是出席正規(guī)場(chǎng)所不必西裝革領(lǐng)。

　　澳大利亞的自來水十分清潔，可隨時(shí)飲用。

　　在國內(nèi)人們喜歡高聲談笑，但在澳大利亞你千萬得注意場(chǎng)合，公眾場(chǎng)合，如集會(huì)場(chǎng)所，火車，巴士，商場(chǎng)等。澳大利亞人喜歡細(xì)聲談話，大聲談話會(huì)引人注目，以為你是在吵架或是喜歡搗亂的搗亂分子。

　　買東西，辦事情要注意排隊(duì)。有些時(shí)候雖沒排隊(duì)，但也有先來后到之分，每到一地先注意看看有多少人是在你之前，自覺等候。

　　不要隨地吐痰，扔煙頭，丟垃圾。在澳大利亞這些是會(huì)被罰款的。

　　不要驅(qū)逐小動(dòng)物，更不能打鳥。澳大利亞人非常愛護(hù)小動(dòng)物。鳥類更受法律保護(hù)。

　　辦晚會(huì)，唱卡拉ok要注意控制音量，晚十點(diǎn)以后最好要關(guān)上窗門并放小音量。否則會(huì)引起鄰居的不滿或招來警察。

　　乘坐火車一定要買票，雖然車站臺(tái)有時(shí)沒人查票，但一旦遇到火車巡檢員，你要負(fù)幾十倍的票價(jià)，并被記錄在案，一旦再犯你將被吊銷簽證。并可能使你終生沒有機(jī)會(huì)再到澳大利亞。

　　澳大利亞的土著較為保守，亦不喜歡旅客替他們拍照，請(qǐng)勿貿(mào)然偷拍，以免誤會(huì)。

　　一些標(biāo)有不可拍照的地方，亦宜遵守。